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在苏联社会中,消除城乡间的社会差别是纲领性的任务。许多科学著作分析了解决这一任务的途径,但目前尚无对城乡差别的一致公认的分类。我们认为,必须作出这样的分析:一方面,城市和乡村的本质特点,会在一个不确定的时期中长久保持着;另一方面,历史上形成的农村与城市的差别,是可以消除的。受历史制约的农村不同于城市的特点,可以分为四大类。第一类与劳动和生产的法律、经济和社会的条件有关;第二类与特有的地区活动组织有关;第三类与居民的生活水平和生活方式差别有关;第
In Soviet society, eliminating social differences between urban and rural areas is a programmatic task. Many scientific works analyze the ways to solve this task, but at present there is no universally accepted classification of urban-rural differences. We think it is necessary to make the analysis that on the one hand, the essential characteristics of cities and villages will remain for a long time in an uncertain period; on the other hand, the historical differences between rural areas and cities can be eliminated. The countryside subject to history is different from the characteristics of the city and can be divided into four categories. The first category is related to the legal, economic and social conditions of labor and production. The second category relates to unique regional activity organizations. The third category relates to the residents’ standard of living and lifestyle differences.