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目的:调查北京市某地区中小学学生恒牙患龋率,为探寻其口腔疾病发病规律提供依据。方法:选择本区在校中小学生17 432例,按照新生建卡标准(全国体质调研的标准)及《北京市学校卫生防病工作技术规范》的具体要求,借助全区中小学学生进行建卡体检时机开展患龋率专项调查。结果:此次调查共确诊患龋学生1946例,总患龋率为11.2%。其中,小学一年级患龋8例(患龋率为0.5%),二年级42例(2.8%),三年级56例(4.3%),四年级63例(5.6%),五年级103例(7.6%),六年级141例(11.7%);初中一年级149例(10.3%),初中二年级196例(12.8%),初中三年级264例(17.9%);高中一年级255例(16.5%),高中二年级276例(18.1%),高中三年级393例(22.3%)。男生患龋率为8.8%,女生为13.6%;女生患龋率显著高于男生(P<0.05)。结论:中小学学生恒牙患龋率较高,应进一步采取窝沟封闭等有效防治措施进行干预。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dental caries in primary and secondary school students in a certain area of Beijing and provide basis for exploring the pathogenesis of oral diseases. Methods: A total of 17 432 schoolchildren in primary and secondary schools in our district were selected according to the specific requirements of the standards for newborn card-making (National Physical Fitness Survey) and “Technical Specifications for School Health Preventive Diseases in Beijing” Physical examination to carry out a special survey of caries prevalence. Results: A total of 1946 caries students were diagnosed in this survey with a total caries prevalence of 11.2%. Among them, the first grade of primary caries in 8 cases (caries rate was 0.5%), the second grade in 42 cases (2.8%), the third grade in 56 cases (4.3%), the third grade in 63 cases (5.6% (11.7%) in the sixth grade, 149 cases (10.3%) in the first grade of junior high school, 196 cases (12.8%) in the second grade of junior high school and 264 cases (17.9%) in the third grade of junior high school. %), 276 (18.1%) high school sophomore and 393 (22.3%) high school third year. The dental caries prevalence of boys was 8.8% and that of girls was 13.6%. The caries prevalence of girls was significantly higher than that of boys (P <0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries in primary and secondary school students is high, so effective prevention and treatment measures such as pit and fissure sealant should be taken.