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目的:全面掌握枣庄市矿区居民健康现状及其有害健康的危险因素,制定疾病控制策略。方法:采用问卷调查法,调查社区居民家庭6 447户,共计20 100人。结果:社区60岁以上人口占全人口的33.41%,人口学特征严重老龄化。居民文化程度普遍偏低,大专以上学历的人口仅占全人口的3.7%,居民存在的主要行为危险因素为缺乏体育锻炼、吸烟、饮酒、肥胖、饮食结构不合理。疾病谱前十位依次为高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、脑卒中、颈腰椎病、口腔疾病、慢性胃肠炎、慢性支气管炎、意外伤害、肿瘤。结论:矿区社区卫生服务对象以老年人为主,需要加强对慢性非传染性疾病规范化管理及健康教育等综合干预。
OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively grasp the health status of residents in Zaozhuang mining area and the risk factors of their harmful health, and formulate disease control strategies. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate 6,447 community-owned households, totaling 20,100 people. Results: The community over the age of 60 accounted for 33.41% of the total population, demographic characteristics of a serious aging. Residents generally low educational level, college education accounted for only 3.7% of the population, the residents of the main behavioral risk factors for lack of physical exercise, smoking, drinking, obesity, diet structure is irrational. The top 10 diseases were hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, stroke, cervical and lumbar spine, oral diseases, chronic gastroenteritis, chronic bronchitis, accidental injuries and tumors. Conclusion: The community health service targets in the mining area are mainly elderly people. Comprehensive interventions such as standardized management of chronic non-communicable diseases and health education are needed.