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就业权对于市场经济条件下劳动者的生存与发展至关重要,长期以来,却因为人们对其伦理正当性抱有怀疑而影响了其在立法上的确立和司法中的实现。从自然法的理论视角分析,就业权的伦理基础在于,它是工业革命以后资本主义市场经济所导致的劳动生活关系上的客观情势使然;它是源于人性尊严的自然权利;它尤其符合现当代社会正义观念和正义原则之要求,因此,具有充分的道德哲学根据。当然,基于自由价值的优先性和维持自由市场经济体制的必要性,就业权亦须受到合理限制,它不可能包含一种“人人有工作”意义上的“工作请求权”。
The right to employment is crucial to the survival and development of laborers in the market economy. For a long time, the right to employment has affected its establishment in the legislature and the administration of justice because of its suspicion of ethical legitimacy. From the theoretical perspective of natural law, the ethical foundation of employment rights is that it is an objective circumstance caused by the capitalist market economy after the industrial revolution in the relations of labor and life; it is a natural right derived from human dignity; and it is especially in line with the present The concept of contemporary social justice and the principles of justice, therefore, have full moral and moral basis. Of course, based on the priority of free value and the necessity of maintaining a free market economy, the right to employment must also be rationally restricted. It can not include a right to work claim in the sense of “everyone has a job” .