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1899年和1901年,Overton和Meyer观察到醇类的麻醉强度与其脂溶性有关。他们用的脂肪是橄榄油,醇在脂肪中的溶解度越大,产生麻醉所需要的浓度越低。这种相关性已被证实并延伸到醇类以外的其它麻醉药,包括作者以前用过和现在使用的麻醉气体和蒸汽,此外还有氮和惰性气体如氙和氖。麻醉需要的气体和蒸汽分压的差别范围很大,从0.002(甲氧氟烷)到100个大气压(氖)。与此相似,这些气体和蒸汽的脂溶性(橄榄油分配系数)范围是0.01～1,000左右。这种密切的相关性,称为Meyer-Overton定律,提示麻醉药作用于脂质。麻醉强度也与麻醉气体和蒸汽的其它物理性质相关。几年前,Pauling和Miller就提出麻醉强度与其克分子折射指数有关,即水合学说(hydrate theoty)。麻醉药形成冰晶(ice crystals),从而干扰神经系功
In 1899 and 1901, Overton and Meyer observed that alcohol anesthesia strength correlated with its lipid solubility. The fat they use is olive oil. The greater the alcohol’s solubility in fat, the lower the concentration needed to produce anesthesia. This correlation has been demonstrated and extends to other anesthetics than alcohols, including anesthetic gases and vapors the author has used and is currently using, as well as nitrogen and inert gases such as xenon and neon. Anesthesia requires a wide range of gas and vapor partial pressure pressures from 0.002 (methoxyflurane) to 100 atmospheres (neon). Similarly, the fat-soluble (olive oil partition coefficient) of these gases and vapors is in the range of about 0.01 to 1,000. This close correlation, called Meyer-Overton’s Law, suggests that anesthetics act on lipids. Anesthetic strength is also related to other physical properties of anesthetic gases and vapors. A few years ago, Pauling and Miller proposed that the intensity of anesthesia be related to its molar refractive index, hydrate theoty. Narcotics form ice crystals, interfering with nervous system work