【摘 要】
：
"5.12"汶川地震不仅直接造成了巨大的人员和财产损失,同时还诱发了大量的崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等次生山地灾害.崩塌、滑坡直接为泥石流活动提供了丰富的松散固体物质,再加上在
【机 构】
：
成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地址环境保护国家重点实验室
论文部分内容阅读
"5.12"汶川地震不仅直接造成了巨大的人员和财产损失,同时还诱发了大量的崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等次生山地灾害.崩塌、滑坡直接为泥石流活动提供了丰富的松散固体物质,再加上在地震荷载的多次往复作用下,山体的整体性遭到破坏,大量坡体失稳,岩体破坏,使这些泥石流沟在今后较长一段时间内处于活跃期.2009年7月14日至17日,当地发生50年一遇的暴雨天气,从14日20时至17日14时累计降雨量达到401.1mm.该沟上游段沟床比降大,岸坡较陡,流域内出露的岩石以千枚岩为主,易风化破碎,在地震中形成许多崩塌和滑坡,加之流域降水集中且多局地性暴雨,有利于泥石流的发育.在调查访问的基础上,估算该次泥石流的容重为1.853t/ m3,为高容重粘性泥石流.计算出其平均流速在4.46m/s,流量约75.13m3/s,一次泥石流固体物质冲出量合计为0.9 X 104m3.尹家沟泥石流固体物质的主要来源为地震引发的崩塌和滑坡堆积物,根据野外调查,物源总量达20.72 X 104m3,其中可参与泥石流活动的动储量为6.42 x 104m3,再次暴发泥石流的可能性很大.为减弱泥石流活动,减轻泥石流造成的损失,提出以下防治措施:在主沟和支沟各设置一道拦砂坝,起到稳拦物源和削峰减流的作用,同时在雨季要加强泥石流监测预警.
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