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在德国古典哲学的语境下,马克思对哲学的贡献主要体现在以下两个方面:其一,在马克思思想的内部关系中,哲学思想对经济和政治思想的贡献是不容忽视的;其二,在西方哲学史的外部关系中,马克思继承了德国古典哲学,回应了二元论的问题。通过考察“异化”和“活动”两个概念,实践、异化、人、活动等概念在马克思这里发生了转变。继费希特的“自我”和黑格尔的“绝对精神”之后,马克思主要关注的是现实社会关系中的人,活动是人的实践活动,异化是人与人相互作用的一个结果,是使人与世界相疏远的过程。马克思要寻求人的真正解放。
In the context of German classical philosophy, Marx’s contribution to philosophy is mainly reflected in the following two aspects: First, in the internal relations of Marxism, the contribution of philosophical thought to economic and political thought can not be ignored; secondly, In the external relations of the history of western philosophy, Marx inherited the classical philosophy of Germany and responded to the question of dualism. By examining the two concepts of “alienation” and “activity”, the concepts of practice, alienation, people and activities have been transformed here in Marx. Following Fichte’s “self ” and Hegel’s “absolute spirit ”, Marx is mainly concerned with people in real social relations, activities are the practice of human activities, alienation is human-human interaction One result is the process of alienating people from the world. Marx must seek for the true liberation of man.