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自从鸦片战争以来,列强的炮舰多次打败中国,中国人总结失败教训时痛感实业之不兴,于是有了19世纪60年代到90年代的以自强为目的的洋务运动。然而甲午一战,几十年的自强之梦破灭了。之后随着清王朝的退位和辛亥革命的失败,中国怎样才能自强,才能振兴事业,靠资本主义还是靠社会主义,便成为本世纪20年代初人们研究、探讨的中心问题之一。中国最早高举起马克思主义旗帜、高举起社会主义旗帜的李大钊同志在深入研究了马克思主义基本原理以及中国国情之后,对此明确提出:“中国实业之振兴,必在社会主义之实
Since the Opium War, the powerful gunboats have repeatedly defeated China. When the Chinese summed up the lesson of failure, they felt that the industry was unhappy. As a result, there was the Westernization Movement aimed at self-reliance in the 1860s and 1890s. However, during the First Sino-Japanese War, the dream of self-improvement for decades was shattered. With the abdication of the Qing Dynasty and the failure of the Revolution of 1911, how can China rejuvenate itself and relying on capitalism or socialism became one of the central issues that people studied and discussed in the early 1920s. After studying in depth the basic principles of Marxism and China’s national conditions, Comrade Li Dazhao, China’s first banner holding high the banner of Marxism and holding high the banner of socialism, clearly pointed out: "The rejuvenation of China’s industry must be carried out in the spirit of socialism