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1 水文科学的发展历程从20世纪初到现在,水文学已从单纯为水利工程服务的应用技术,逐渐形成和建立完整科学体系,发展成为地球科学的一个分支。其发展可分为五个阶段。第一阶段,20世纪初期的30年代,单项水文要素的试验和研究阶段。水文学还只是经验性很强的实用技术方法的集合。由于不能满足水利工程设计的需要,开始加强了水文研究,主要是对基本水文要素进行了实验和理论分析工作。第二阶段,20世纪40～50年代,流域水
1 Hydrologic science development From the beginning of the 20th century to the present, hydrology has gradually formed and established a complete scientific system from its application technology serving only water conservancy projects, and developed into a branch of earth science. Its development can be divided into five stages. The first stage, the early twentieth century, 30 years, a single hydrographic elements of the experiment and research stage. Hydrology is only a collection of empirical techniques that are practical. Because it can not meet the needs of hydraulic engineering design, began to strengthen the hydrological research, mainly on the basic hydrological elements of the experimental and theoretical analysis. The second stage, the twentieth Century 40 ~ 50 years, basin water