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目的了解部队基层官兵吸烟群体特征与现状,为指导基层部队吸烟管控工作、提高官兵心理健康水平提供依据。方法采用整体分层抽样方法选取360名某部基层官兵作为研究对象,采用社会支持量表(SSRS)、UCLA孤独量表(UCLALS)、手机成瘾指数量表(MPAI)和自编基层连队吸烟调查表进行问卷调查。结果驻训期间该部基层官兵吸烟率达61.1%;72.7%的官兵入伍前就开始吸烟;年龄大部分处于20~25岁之间。入伍前和入伍后均吸烟的群体社会支持得分分别为41.93±7.72和40.42±8.04,不吸烟群体的得分为43.50±7.35,2个吸烟群体的孤独感得分分别为38.07±10.66和36.24±8.30,不吸烟群体为36.17±9.37,经F检验,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论部队环境并不是造成基层官兵吸烟率较高的主因,部队对吸烟群体的预防工作重心应转向干预方向,即加强吸烟群体的心理健康水平干预。
Objective To understand the characteristics and current status of smokers in grassroots units and soldiers in the armed forces, and to provide basis for guiding the smoking control of grassroots units and improving the mental health of officers and soldiers. Methods The overall stratified sampling method was used to select 360 grassroots officers and soldiers as the research object. Social Support Scale (SSRS), UCLALS, Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale (MPAI) Questionnaire survey. Results During the training period, the officers and soldiers of grassroots units in this department reached a rate of 61.1%. 72.7% of officers and men began to smoke before entering the army; most of them were between 20 and 25 years of age. The social support scores of smokers before enlistment and after enlisting were 41.93 ± 7.72 and 40.42 ± 8.04 respectively, the scores of non-smokers were 43.50 ± 7.35, and the scores of loneliness of smokers were 38.07 ± 10.66 and 36.24 ± 8.30 respectively, The non-smoker population was 36.17 ± 9.37. The differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05) by F-test. Conclusion The troop environment is not the main cause of the higher smoking rate among officers and soldiers at the grassroots level. The focus of the army’s prevention efforts on smokers should be shifted to the direction of intervention, that is, the intervention should be stepped up on the mental health of smoking groups.