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基于野外实测资料,用土壤-植被-大气传输模型(SVAT-model)——CoupModel对陕北黄土丘陵区燕沟流域农地、刺槐林地、荒草地2006年6月—2007年5月间土壤水库充失水过程进行模拟。结果表明:农地、刺槐林地和荒草地0～600cm土层平均蓄水量随土壤基质吸力增大而减小,土壤水库库容曲线均呈幂函数关系;试验期间,农地、刺槐林地和荒草地的总充水量分别为437,361和429mm,分别占同期降水量463mm的94.3%,77.9%和92.6%;农地土壤水库的充满程度达72.8%～79.3%,荒草地为41.4%～47.5%,刺槐林地仅为37.1%～41.2%;农地、刺槐林地和荒草地的总失水量分别为421,393和468mm;研究期属于干旱年份,农地土壤水库的失水量比充水量少15mm,土壤水库中的水分略有剩余;刺槐林地和荒草地土壤水库的失水量分别比充水量多32mm和39mm,说明刺槐林和荒草会过多地消耗土壤水库中的水分,水分平衡出现负补偿现象。研究不同植被覆盖条件下土壤水库充失水特征,可为黄土丘陵区农田管理、退耕还林等生态环境建设提供科学依据。
Based on field data, the soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model (SVAT-model) - CoupModel was used to analyze the relationships between the soil water content of farmland, Robinia pseudoacacia forestland and grassland in Yanggou watershed in the loess hilly region of Shaanxi province from June 2006 to May 2007 Losing water process simulation. The results showed that the average water storage capacity of 0 ~ 600cm soil layer in farmland, Robinia pseudoacacia forest land and dry grassland decreased with the increase of soil matrix suction, and the curve of soil reservoir storage capacity showed a power function relationship. During the experiment, The total water recharge of the land was 437, 361 and 429 mm respectively, accounting for 94.3%, 77.9% and 92.6% of the 463mm of precipitation over the same period respectively. The degree of filling of farmland soil reservoirs was 72.8% -79.3% and that of grassland was 41.4% -47.5% The total amount of water loss in farmland, Robinia pseudoacacia forest and grassland were 421, 393 and 468mm, respectively. The study period belonged to the arid year. The soil water loss of farmland soil was 15mm less than that of water, Slightly less than that of the soil water. The water loss of the soil reservoirs in both the locust and the weeds was 32mm and 39mm, respectively, which indicated that the Robinia pseudoacacia forest and the weeds would consume too much water in the soil reservoirs and the water balance would be negatively compensated. Studying the characteristics of soil water loss under different vegetation cover conditions can provide scientific basis for ecological management of farmland and the conversion of cropland to forest in the loess hilly region.