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目的通过锥形束CT(cone beam CT,CBCT)测量牙周基础治疗前后慢性牙周炎患者牙槽骨高度和密度的变化情况,探讨牙周基础治疗前后牙槽骨骨量的变化。方法选择丽水市第二人民医院口腔科2013年1月—2015年12月牙周基础治疗慢性牙周炎患者100例作为研究对象,100例患者均给予牙周基础治疗,采用CBCT测量牙周基础治疗前后牙槽骨高度和密度的变化情况。结果轻度牙周炎治疗前和治疗后牙槽骨密度高于中度牙周炎和重度牙周炎(P<0.05),中度牙周炎牙槽骨密度高于重度牙周炎(P<0.05)。轻度、中度、重度牙周炎治疗后牙槽骨密度均高于治疗前(P<0.05)。轻度牙周炎治疗前和治疗后牙槽骨吸收低于中度和重度牙周炎(P<0.05),中度牙周炎牙槽骨吸收低于重度牙周炎(P<0.05)。轻度、中度、重度牙周炎治疗后牙槽骨吸收均低于治疗前,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前牙治疗后牙槽骨密度和治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),前磨牙和磨牙治疗后牙槽骨密度均高于治疗前(P<0.05)。前牙、前磨牙、磨牙治疗后牙槽骨吸收和治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论牙周基础治疗可以改善慢性牙周炎的牙槽骨密度,CBCT可以用于牙周基础治疗前后牙槽骨骨量变化的评估。
Objective To measure the change of alveolar bone height and density in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after periodontal treatment by cone beam CT (CBCT), and to study the changes of alveolar bone mass before and after periodontal treatment. Methods 100 cases of patients with chronic periodontitis who underwent periodontal basic treatment from January 2013 to December 2015 in Departments of Stomatology of the Second People’s Hospital of Lishui City were enrolled in this study. All patients were given basic periodontal treatment. CBCT was used to measure the periodontal basis Alveolar bone height and density changes before and after treatment. Results The alveolar bone density of mild periodontitis before and after treatment was higher than that of moderate periodontitis and severe periodontitis (P <0.05). The alveolar bone density of moderate periodontitis was higher than that of severe periodontitis (P <0.05 ). The alveolar bone density of mild, moderate and severe periodontitis treatment were higher than before treatment (P <0.05). The alveolar bone absorption before and after mild periodontitis was lower than that of moderate and severe periodontitis (P <0.05). The alveolar bone absorption of moderate periodontitis was lower than that of severe periodontitis (P <0.05). Alveolar bone resorption in mild, moderate and severe periodontitis was lower than before treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in alveolar bone density between the anterior teeth treated group and before treatment (P> 0.05). The alveolar bone densities of the premolar and molars group were higher than those before treatment (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in alveolar bone absorption between anterior teeth, premolar teeth and molar teeth before treatment (P> 0.05). Conclusion Basic periodontal treatment can improve the alveolar bone density of chronic periodontitis. CBCT can be used to evaluate the change of bone mass before and after periodontal treatment.