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目的了解前床突及其周围结构的解剖特点,并提供相应的解剖依据。方法用15例成人干颅骨和15例正常成人尸体头部标本,在手术显微镜下观察测量前床突及其邻近结构。结果视神经长度,前床突切除前为(9.5±1.8)mm,切除后为(21.3±2.9)mm;颈内动脉长度,切除前为(9.9±2.0)mm,切除后为(13.8±2.5)mm;视神经颈内动脉三角的宽度,切除前为(3.6±1.0)mm,切除后为(12.5±2.3)mm。前床突切除后所获得床突间隙几何空间的外侧横截面积为(2.1±0.3)cm2。结论磨除前床突后形成的床突间隙,增加了手术操作空间;前床突切除后在显露视神经颈内动脉三角的最大宽度方面能增加3～4倍的显露;可充分显露颈内动脉床突下段,增加了视神经鄄颈内动脉间隙,有利于该区域病变的处理。
Objective To understand the anatomic characteristics of the anterior bed bump and its surrounding structures and to provide anatomic evidence. Methods Fifteen adult skulls and 15 normal adult cadaver heads were used to observe the anterior bed bumps and their adjacent structures under a surgical microscope. Results The length of optic nerve was (9.5 ± 1.8) mm before resection of the anterior segment of the optic nerve and (21.3 ± 2.9) mm after resection. The length of the internal carotid artery was (9.9 ± 2.0) mm before resection and (13.8 ± 2.5) mm after resection. mm; the width of the trigone of internal carotid artery was (3.6 ± 1.0) mm before resection and (12.5 ± 2.3) mm after resection. The anterolateral cross-sectional area of the geometric space of the intercalary space was (2.1 ± 0.3) cm2 after the anterior approach was removed. Conclusion The removal of anterior bed protrusion after the formation of the bed gap, increased surgical space; anterior bed resection in the exposure of the maximum width of the optic nerve internal carotid artery can increase the disclosure of 3 to 4 times; can fully reveal the internal carotid artery Subclavian segment, an increase of the optic nerve - internal carotid artery gap, is conducive to the treatment of lesions in the region.