2014年中国六地区公共场所工作人员吸烟劝阻情况及影响因素

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目的了解公共场所工作人员吸烟劝阻的现状及影响因素。方法在国家慢性病综合防控示范区,于2014年采用立意抽样的方法,按东、中、西部地区和城乡不同分别选取江苏崇安、山东乳山、湖北汉阳、山西寿阳、重庆北碚、青海互助县6个区(县)的医疗卫生、政府和餐饮三类公共场所的工作人员,采用一对一问卷询问的方式,对工作人员的一般情况、吸烟、二手烟暴露及吸烟劝阻情况、禁烟标识和禁烟规定情况等进行调查。共收集合格问卷1629份,其中医疗卫生1029份、政府187份、餐饮413份。结果公共场所工作人员中吸烟者的比例为9.39%,报告过去一个月内在所工作的公共场所内看到过有人吸烟、看到过烟头或闻到烟味的比例为64.97%。对公共场所内吸烟行为,表示会劝阻、躲避和无所谓的比例分别为75.57%、14.30%和10.13%。单因素分析发现,场所类别、性别、年龄、文化程度、是否为现在吸烟者和是否在办公楼内看到过禁烟标识与是否会进行吸烟劝阻有统计学关联(P<0.05),未发现经济地区、城乡、收入水平、知识得分与是否会进行吸烟劝阻有统计学关联(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,与医疗卫生机构工作人员相比,政府机构工作人员表示会劝阻的少(OR=0.212,95%CI 0.150~0.301),餐饮机构工作人员表示劝阻的多(OR=1.842,95%CI 1.117~3.038);年龄≥35岁的工作人员表示会劝阻的较年龄<35岁的多(OR=1.474,95%CI 1.142~1.903);自身为现在吸烟者的工作人员表示会劝阻的少于非现在吸烟者(OR=0.465,95%CI0.309~0.700);有室内完全禁烟规定的公共场所的工作人员表示会劝阻的多(OR=1.649,95%CI 1.160~2.344)。结论多数公共场所工作人员表示会对场所内吸烟者劝阻,自身不吸烟、年龄在35岁及以上和有室内完全禁烟规定对吸烟劝阻有积极影响。 Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of smoking discouragement in public places. Methods In the National Integrated Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases, we adopted the method of deliberate sampling in 2014, and selected Jiangsu Suan, Shandong Rushan, Hanyang Hubei, Shouyang Shanxi, Beibei Chongqing, Qinghai The staff of the three public health, government and catering public places in 6 districts (counties) of the county adopted a one-on-one questionnaire to ask about the general situation of workers, smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke and discouraging smoking, And smoking regulations and other conditions to conduct investigations. A total of 1629 qualified questionnaires were collected, of which 1029 were medical and health care, 187 were government and 413 were catering. As a result, the percentage of smokers in public places was 9.39%. It was reported that in the past month, 64.97% of the smokers saw tobacco smokers or smoked cigarettes in public places where they worked. For smoking in public places, they said they would discourage, dodge and do not care about the proportion of 75.57%, 14.30% and 10.13% respectively. Univariate analysis found that there was a statistically significant association between place type, gender, age, educational level, whether it was present smoker and whether smoking ban was seen in the office building and whether smoking was discouraged or not (P <0.05), no economy was found Regional, urban and rural areas, income level, knowledge score and whether smoking will discourage a statistically significant association (P> 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that staff of government agencies said they would discourage less staff (OR = 0.212, 95% CI 0.150-0.301) and staff of catering agencies discouraged more than medical staff (OR = 1.842, 95 % CI 1.117 ~ 3.038); those aged 35 or older said they would dissuade more than 35 years of age (OR = 1.474,95% CI 1.142-1.903); those who are current smokers would discourage themselves (OR = 0.465, 95% CI0.309 ~ 0.700). Workers in public places with indoor no-smoking regulations would discourage them more (OR = 1.649, 95% CI 1.160 ~ 2.344). Conclusion Most public places staff said they would discourage smokers in the premises, not smoking themselves, those aged 35 and above, and the indoor complete smoking ban have a positive impact on smoking discouragement.
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