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目的研究西洋参总皂苷的乙酸水解产物的化学成分。方法采用溶剂萃取、硅胶柱色谱及制备型HPLC色谱方法分离纯化西洋参总皂苷乙酸水解产物,通过化学和波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果从西洋参总皂苷乙酸水解产物中分离得到10个化合物,分别为6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-β-D-(6′-acetyl)-glucopyranosyl-dammarane-(E)-20(22),24-diene-3β,6α,12β-triol(Ⅰ)、20(S)-人参皂苷-Rs_3(Ⅱ)、人参皂苷-Rg_4(Ⅲ)、人参皂苷-Rg_6(Ⅳ)、6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-dammarane-(E)-20(22)-ene-3β,6α,12β,25-tetraol(Ⅴ)、20(S)-人参皂苷-Rg_2(Ⅵ)、20(R)-人参皂苷-Rg_2(Ⅶ)、20(S)-人参皂苷-Rg_3(Ⅷ)、20(R)-人参皂苷-Rg_3(ⅨX)、3-O-β-D-glucopyrannosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyrannosyl-dammar-(E)-20(22)-ene-3β,12β,25-triol(X)。结论化合物Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅴ和Ⅹ为首次从西洋参水解产物中分得。
Objective To study the chemical constituents of acetic acid hydrolysates of Panax quinquefolium L. Methods Solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC were used to separate and purify the total saponin acetate hydrolysates. The structures of the compounds were identified by chemical and spectral techniques. Results Ten compounds were isolated from the total saponin acetate hydrolysates of American ginseng, which were 6-O-α-L- rhamnosyl- (1 → 2) -β-D- (6’-acetyl) -glucopyranosyl-dammarane- (Ⅱ), ginsenoside-Rg_4 (Ⅲ), ginsenoside-Rg_6 (Ⅳ), ginsenoside-Rg_4 , 6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl- (1 → 2) -β-D-glucopyranosyl-dammarane- (E) -20 (22) -ene-3β, 6α, 12β, 25- tetraol (V) (S) -Ginsenoside-Rg_2 (Ⅵ), 20 (R) -ginsenoside -Rg_2 (Ⅶ), 20 (S) -ginsenoside-Rg_3 (Ⅷ) , 3-O-β-D-glucopyrannosyl- (1 → 2) -β-D-glucopyranosyl-dammar- (E) -20 (22) -ene-3β, 12β, 25-triol (X). Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ ~ Ⅲ, Ⅴ and Ⅹ were obtained from American ginseng hydrolyzate for the first time.