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目的掌握四川省碘缺乏病病情、居民碘营养水平及防治措施落实情况,为制订防治措施提供科学依据。方法按“人口比例概率抽样方法”(PPS)在全省抽取30个县,每个县抽取1所小学;每个小学抽查40名8~10岁儿童甲状腺容积,并定量检测其家中食用盐碘含量;抽取其中12名儿童检测尿碘,并调查其家中居民人均日盐摄入量;在抽中学校附近选择3个乡(镇、街道办),每个乡(镇、街道办)抽取孕妇和哺乳妇女各5人检测尿碘;在抽中学校的所在村(居委会),按东、西、南、北、中各抽取1份饮用水水样,如为集中式供水地区,则采集2份末梢水样检测水碘。全省在上述PPS法未抽到的152个县中,每县按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡(镇、街道),每个乡(镇、街道)抽取1所小学,每所小学抽检20名8~10岁儿童(男、女各半)尿碘。结果 B超法检查儿童1 221人,甲状腺肿大率4.1%;检测盐样1 206份,合格碘盐食用率98.1%,碘盐覆盖率99.9%,碘盐合格率98.2%,盐碘中位数32.8 mg/kg;检测儿童尿碘15393份,尿碘中位数208.9μg/L,其中男性儿童尿碘中位数(214.9μg/L)高于女性(203.2μg/L,Z=6.97,P<0.05);孕妇尿碘457份,尿碘中位数170.8μg/L;哺乳妇女尿碘452份,尿碘中位数159.5μg/L;水碘81份,水碘中位数2.7μg/L,范围0.2~49.6μg/L,水碘低于10μg/L比例为82.7%(67/81);调查363户家庭食盐摄入量,人均日摄盐量8.46 g。结论四川自然环境普遍缺碘;人群碘营养水平总体适宜,继续保持消除碘缺乏病状态。
Objective To understand the status of iodine deficiency disorders in Sichuan province, the level of iodine nutrition among residents and the implementation of prevention and treatment measures, so as to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods According to “Probability of Population Probability Sampling Method” (PPS), 30 counties were selected in the province and 1 primary school in each county. Thirty thyroid gland volumes of 8 ~ 10-year-old children were randomly selected in each primary school, Salt iodine content; 12 children were taken to detect urinary iodine, and their per capita daily salt intake was surveyed. Three townships (towns and sub-districts) near the school were selected and each township Urine iodine was detected in 5 pregnant women and 5 lactating women respectively; 1 sample of drinking water was collected by east, west, south, north and middle in the village where the school was drawn (residential committees), 2 Part of the water samples to detect water iodine. In the 152 counties not yet drawn up by the PPS method mentioned above, each province selects one township (town or street) in each of the five directions of east, west, south, north and south, and each township (town or street) draws 1 primary schools, each primary school sampling 20 children aged 8 to 10 (male and female half) urinary iodine. Results A total of 1 221 children were diagnosed by goiter method. The rate of goiter was 4.1%. 1 206 samples of salt samples were detected. The acceptable iodine salt consumption rate was 98.1%, the iodine salt coverage rate was 99.9%, the iodine salt pass rate was 98.2% (32.9 mg / kg) and urinary iodine (15393), the median urinary iodine was 208.9 μg / L. The median urinary iodine of male children was higher than that of female (203.2 μg / L, Z = 6.97, P <0.05). 457 pregnant women with urinary iodine median of 170.8 μg / L, 452 urinary iodine, 159.5 μg / L urinary iodine, 81 iodine and 2.7 g water iodine / L, ranged from 0.2 to 49.6μg / L, water iodine was below 10μg / L, and the ratio was 82.7% (67/81). The salt intake of 363 households was measured and the daily average salt intake per capita was 8.46g. Conclusion The iodine deficiency is generally iodine deficiency in the natural environment of Sichuan Province. The overall iodine nutrition of the population is generally appropriate, and the status of iodine deficiency disorders continues to be eliminated.