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2006年9月23日,一艘造型和用途都颇为独特的战舰在美国洛克希德·马丁公司旗下威斯康辛州马里内特造船厂船台上,以少见的侧向下水方式滑入水中,它就是美国海军订购的第一艘濒海战斗舰“自由”号。这个世界上的一些事情是很有意思的,原本稀松平常的事物只要美国人一来“捧场”,便会一下子变得非常惹眼。就像这次“自由”号的下水,使得这种被设计成专门用于浅水作战的中小型舰只又一次成为世界瞩目的焦点。其实,这种独特的战舰(我们在这里暂时将其称为“浅水战斗舰”)已经走过了一百多年的历程,其间历经几起几落。不如让我们翻开历史,回顾一下浅水战斗舰走过的道路;放眼世界,看一下世界上的海洋、湖泊以及河流中游弋着哪些主要的“浅水战斗舰”;展望未来,预测一下这种战舰今后的发展。需要说明的是,为了在一定程度上缩小范围,笔者在此将现代“浅水战斗舰”定义为:战斗力足以与敌方护卫舰以上主力战舰交战,专门为浅水区(浅海、较深的湖泊以及河流)作战而设计的、排水量在500吨以上的战舰。排水量500吨以下的舰艇、同等级吨位但具有远海航行能力的护卫舰(如法国海军的“花月”级)和武备相对较弱的巡逻舰,不在此列。
On September 23, 2006, a uniquely shaped and used warship slipped into the water on the slipway of the Marinette Ship Lockyard in Lockheed Martin, Wisconsin, U.S.A. USS Navy ordered the first LCS “Liberty”. Some things in this world are very interesting. The original things that are commonplace in the world will only become very conspicuous once the Americans “join”. Like the launching of this “Liberty,” this small and medium-sized ship designed to be used exclusively for shallow-water combat has once again become the world’s spotlight. In fact, this unique battleship, which we are tentatively referring to here as a “shallow-water combat ship,” has gone through more than a hundred years of history with a few ups and downs. Rather than let us turn history, take a look back at the path the shallow battle ships have taken; look at the world, look at the world’s oceans, lakes and rivers cruising around which major “shallow-water combat ships”; look ahead and predict what kind of warships Future development. It should be noted that, in order to narrow the scope to a certain extent, the author here defines the modern “shallow-water combat ship” as having enough fighting capacity to engage with the main warships above the enemy’s frigate and specifically for shallow water areas (shallow sea, deep lakes and rivers ) Combat design and displacement of more than 500 tons of warships. Vessels with a displacement of less than 500 tons, frigates of the same grade but with far-sea capabilities (such as the “Navy” class of the French Navy) and relatively weakly armed patrol ships are not listed.