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目的了解长沙市成人糖尿病治疗及控制现状及其影响因素,为制定糖尿病防控措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,以长沙市18岁及以上19 580名居民为研究对象,进行问卷调查、体格检查和空腹血糖测定。用SPSS 21.0进行统计学分析,计数资料的比较用χ2检验,用多因素非条件logistic回归分析糖尿病治疗率和控制率的影响因素。结果长沙市成人糖尿病患者治疗率为55.43%,城市(58.21%)高于农村(52.28%);年龄越大,糖尿病治疗率越高;同时患糖尿病和高血压的人群糖尿病治疗率(60.51%)高于仅患糖尿病的人群(47.85%);知晓自身患病者的治疗率较高(86.80%);锻炼频率越高的患者治疗率越高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。长沙市成人糖尿病控制率为34.87%,年龄越大、文化程度越高、锻炼频率越高的糖尿病患者控制率越高,居住在城市(39.50%)、同时患高血压者(36.61%)、知晓患病者(53.97%)、实施治疗者(51.56%)的血糖控制率分别高于居住在农村(29.61%)、未患高血压者(28.48%)、不知晓患病者(1.12%)、未实施治疗者(14.12%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,城市(OR=2.23,95%CI:1.47~3.37)、年龄大(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.44~2.46)、知晓患病(OR=4 281.91,95%CI:592.50~30 944.95)是糖尿病治疗的影响因素;文化程度(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.00~1.40)、知晓患病(OR=427.26,95%CI:129.63~1 408.22)、药物治疗(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.32~0.70)是糖尿病控制的影响因素。结论长沙市糖尿病患者的治疗率、控制率均较低,应加强糖尿病治疗和控制血糖对健康的重要性的宣传教育。
Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of diabetes treatment and control in adults in Changsha and provide evidence for the development of diabetes prevention and control measures. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used in this study. A questionnaire survey, physical examination and fasting blood glucose test were conducted in 19 580 residents aged 18 and over in Changsha. SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis, the count data were compared using χ2 test, and the influencing factors of diabetes treatment rate and control rate were analyzed by multivariate non-conditional logistic regression. Results The treatment rate of adults with diabetes was 55.43% in Changsha and 58.21% in cities (52.28%) in urban areas. The higher the age, the higher the rate of diabetes treatment. The rate of diabetes treatment was 60.51% in those with diabetes and hypertension. (47.85%) with diabetes mellitus, higher awareness rate (86.80%) with self-reported illness, and higher treatment rate (P <0.01) with higher exercise frequency. The control rate of adults with diabetes in Changsha was 34.87%. The higher the age, the higher the education and the higher the frequency of exercise, the higher the control rate of diabetes patients was (39.50%), hypertension (36.61%), (53.97%) and those who received treatment (51.56%) had higher blood glucose control rates than those living in rural areas (29.61%), those without hypertension (28.48%) and those without AIDS (1.12% No treatment (14.12%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.44-2.46) was significantly higher in urban areas (OR = 2.23,95% CI: 1.47-3.37) CI: 592.50 ~ 30 944.95) were the influencing factors of diabetes treatment. The educational level (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.00-1.40) (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.32 ~ 0.70) were the influencing factors of diabetes control. Conclusion The treatment rate and control rate of patients with diabetes in Changsha are relatively low. Publicity and education on the importance of diabetes treatment and controlling blood sugar should be strengthened.