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目的 分析郑州市2015-2017年严重疑似预防接种异常反应 (Adverse events following immunization, AEFI) 的特征.方法 通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集郑州市2015-2017年严重AEFI报告数据, 采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析.结果 郑州市2015-2017年共报告严重AEFI 41例, 报告发生率为2.65/100万剂;异常反应、偶合症、心因性反应分别占73.17％、24.39％、2.44％;＜1岁病例占46.34％;23价肺炎球菌疫苗、麻疹风疹联合疫苗、狂犬病疫苗接种后严重AEFI报告发生率较高, 分别为12.10/100万剂、11.40/100万剂、8.98/100万剂;临床诊断以血小板减少性紫癜、热性惊厥最多, 分别占21.95％、17.07％;85.37％的病例痊愈或好转.结论2015-2017年郑州市严重AEFI发生率极低, 以小年龄儿童、异常反应为主.“,”Objective To analyze features of serious adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) in Zhengzhou city during 2015-2017. Methods We obtained data on serious AEFI cases reported to the National Immunization Program Inf ormation System in Zhengzhou during 2015-2017 f or a descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of41 serious AEFIs were reported in Zhengzhou during 2015-2017, for an incidence of 2.65 per million doses. Among all cases, 73.17％, 24.39％, and 2.44％ were rare vaccine reactions, coincidental events, and psychogenic reactions, respectively; 46.34％ were among ＜1 year olds. Incidence rates for 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, measles and rubella combined vaccine, and rabies vaccine were 12.10, 11.40, and 8.98 per million doses, respectively;21.95％ and 17.07％ of cases were diagnosed as thrombocytopenic purpura and febrile convulsion, respectively; 85.37％of cases resolved or improved. Conclusions Reports of serious AEFIs were extremely low in Zhengzhou during 2015-2017, with most reports for young children or rare vaccine reactions.