[目的]回顾2008年10月武汉市一起霍乱疫情的应急处置经过,并进行探讨。[方法]按照卫生部《霍乱防治手册(第5版)》确诊病例及开展调查处理。[结果]该起疫情共发现1例霍乱O139病例(临床分型为典型病例、中型)、2例健康携带者。经对患者及健康携带者的隔离治疗、疫点消毒、共同暴露人群的居家医学观察等措施,疫情得到有效控制,未发生二代病例。[结论]虽然疑似感染源虽未能检出阳性标本,但流行病学调查结果显示可能为发病前一天的一次聚餐时感染。 [Objective] To review the emergency treatment of a cholera outbreak in Wuhan City in October 2008 and discuss it. [Method] According to the diagnosis and treatment of cholera prevention and cure manual (5th edition) issued by the Ministry of Health and investigation. [Results] One outbreak of cholera was found in O139 cases (the typical clinical cases were medium type) and two healthy carriers. The isolation and treatment of patients and healthy carriers, disinfection of epidemic sites and home medical observation of co-exposed people have effectively prevented the outbreak of second-generation cases. [Conclusion] Although the positive samples were not detected in the suspected infection source, the results of epidemiological investigation indicated that it may be a mealtime infection the day before the onset of illness.