目的探讨中越边境口岸不同生境区域鼠类及其体表寄生螨类群落结构特点和物种多样性。方法采用笼捕法在中越边境口岸选择3类生境采集鼠类标本,捡取其体表寄生螨类。选用物种丰富度指数(S)、群落均匀度(J’)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)、生态优势度指数(C’)、种间随机相遇机率(PIE)及群落构成比(Cr)进行群落结构计算。结果本次研究中共捕获鼠类1 609只,隶属于2科5属12种。从鼠体表采获螨类1 674只,均为毒厉螨。褐家鼠、黄毛鼠、白腹巨鼠是各生境中的优势种。结论鼠类在中越边境口岸山地和森林生境中的群落结构比灌丛和田地、室内和房周生境相对复杂,生物多样性相对丰富;鼠类寄生螨种类相对简单,主要寄生于相应生境优势鼠类宿主;山地和森林、灌丛和田地生境中鼠类染螨率较高。 Objective To investigate the community structure and species diversity of parasitoid mites and their surface parasites in different habitats at the border between China and Vietnam. Methods Caged catches were used to select three kinds of habitats at the border crossings of China and Vietnam to collect rodents and pick their parasitic surface mites. The species richness index (S), community evenness (J ’), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), ecological dominance index (C ’), probability of inter-species random access (PIE) and community composition ratio Cr) for community structure calculation. Results A total of 1 609 mice were captured in this study, belonging to 12 families, 5 genera and 12 species. A total of 1 674 mites were collected from the mouse body surface, all of them were poisonous. Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rat, Pachypleus fasciatus are dominant species in all habitats. Conclusion The community structures of the mountainous and forest habitats in the border crossings of China and Vietnam are relatively complex and have relatively rich biodiversity compared with the shrubs and fields, indoor and peri-week habitats. The species of the parasitoid mites are relatively simple and mainly occur in the habitats of the corresponding dominant habitat Host; in mountainous areas and forests, shrubs and field habitats in rats with high rates of stained mites.