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《公司法》第16条第1款,不仅是对公司对外提供担保的法律规制,也是对作为相对人的债权人作出的指引。公司章程中记载的担保相关事项,不仅是内部管理规范,也具备一定的外部效力,唯担保债权人处于善意时可以对抗。而善意的判定标准,在于是否尽到适当的注意义务,是否完成了相应的审查。但相对人的这种审查义务只是形式上对公司章程和相关决议的审查,并不涉及决议是否真实有效。公司的董事、监事对公司负有忠诚义务,在管理经营公司的业务之时,应当毫无保留地为公司最大利益努力。若公司董事、经理违背此义务,擅自以公司名义对外担保,应负个人责任。
Article 16 (1) of the “Company Law” not only provides legal guidance on the guarantee provided by the Company to the outside world, but also guides the creditors as the counterparts. Articles of association recorded in the security related matters, not only the internal management practices, but also have some external effect, the only secured creditors can be confrontational in good faith. The goodwill of the criteria for judging, whether it has done its due diligence, has completed the corresponding review. However, the relative obligation of such review is only a formal review of the articles of association and related resolutions, and does not refer to the validity of the resolution. The directors and supervisors of the company shall have the loyalty obligation to the company and shall, when managing the business of the company, make unremitting efforts for the best interests of the company. If the company directors and managers violate this obligation, without authorization in the name of the company external guarantee, should bear personal responsibility.