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航天器开关类机构的主要作用就是把机械运动行程转换为电信号,从而为航天员或地面飞行控制指挥中心提供航天器的部分状态信息。文章论述了航天器开关类机构“多次动作进行通断状态转换”的产品特征,确定了以开关类机构的寿命作为可靠性特征量,提出了开关类机构的可靠性验证试验方法,包括试验方法选择、试验件状态及试验条件的确定、试验程序、故障判据和可靠性评估方法。以载人航天器舱门压点开关为例,示范了其可靠性验证试验方法的应用,可为航天器开关类机构的可靠性验证试验提供技术途径。
The main function of a spacecraft switch mechanism is to convert the mechanical movement into an electrical signal to provide part of the spacecraft status information for the astronaut or ground flight control command center. This paper discusses the product features of the spacecraft switch mechanism “multiple actions on-off state transition ”, determines the life span of the switch mechanism as the reliability feature quantity, puts forward the reliability verification test method of the switch mechanism, Including the choice of test methods, test pieces of the state and the determination of test conditions, test procedures, fault criteria and reliability assessment methods. Taking the manned spacecraft door pressure switch as an example, the application of the reliability verification test method is demonstrated, which can provide a technical approach for the reliability verification test of the spacecraft switching mechanism.