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目的:了解鼻咽癌患者治疗期间的心理状况,分析其影响因素,为鼻咽癌患者的康复治疗提供理论依据。方法:对福建省肿瘤医院住院的217例鼻咽癌患者进行问卷调查。采用χ2检验方法分析疾病恐惧、应对方式、焦虑状况和抑郁状况等心理因素与放化疗不良反应的关系。采用非条件Logistic回归方法分析心理状况及放化疗不良反应的危险因素。结果:鼻咽癌患者恐惧、焦虑和抑郁的程度越严重,放化疗不良反应也越严重;影响焦虑的主要因素有性别、医院适应情况、食欲、放化疗不良反应、疾病恐惧感和康复锻炼等。影响抑郁的主要因素有年龄、主要护理陪护人员、疾病恐惧感、食欲、医院适应情况和康复锻炼等;影响放化疗不良反应的主要因素有年龄、每日热能摄入、性别和血红蛋白等。结论:应加强对鼻咽癌患者的健康教育,鼓励患者进行康复锻炼、采用积极的应对方式、改善不良情绪和营养状况,以提高治疗效果和生存质量。
Objective: To understand the psychological status of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma during treatment, analyze its influencing factors and provide theoretical basis for the rehabilitation of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: A total of 217 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients hospitalized in Fujian Cancer Hospital were surveyed. Χ2 test was used to analyze the relationship between psychological factors such as disease fear, coping style, anxiety status and depression status and adverse reaction of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the psychological status and the risk factors of adverse reactions to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Results: The more serious fear, anxiety and depression were, the worse the adverse reaction was in radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The main factors affecting anxiety were gender, hospital adaptation, appetite, side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, fear of disease and rehabilitation exercise . The main factors that affect depression are age, major nursing associate, disease fear, appetite, hospital adaptation and rehabilitation exercise. The main factors affecting the adverse reaction of chemotherapy and radiotherapy include age, daily caloric intake, sex and hemoglobin. Conclusion: Health education should be strengthened for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma to encourage patients to exercise rehabilitation, adopt a positive coping style to improve bad mood and nutritional status in order to improve the therapeutic effect and quality of life.