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为了探索老年人健康状况评价的适宜指标和方法，采用横断面调查法，对某市112名退休职工（平均年龄61．4岁，按退休前的劳动内容分为体力、脑力和脑体混合3组）进行生活能力指数、体力功能、脑力功能和营养状况测试．结果表明，反映营养状况的Kaup指数均值均超过医学正常值上限，呈过度肥胖，以腹部和大腿更突出．男性各分析指标在不同年龄组间无显著性差异（P＞0．05），也无明显的变化规律；但退休前的劳动类型对老年人晚年的健康状况影响较大，生活能力指数（LCI）、体力指数（PHI）、脑力功能的3项指标（短时记忆、译码、划字）在3种劳动类型的退休职工中差异均有显著性（P＜0．05），均以脑力、脑体混合退休职工组高于体力退休职工组；同时用来评价体力功能的PHI指标较其包容的6项指标的实测值更稳定、更简便．提示在今后老年人健康状况研究中生活能力指数（LCI）、体力指数（PHI）、脑功能3项指标、Kaup指数和皮脂厚度等具有潜在的运用价值．
In order to explore appropriate indicators and methods for assessing the health status of the elderly, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 112 retired employees in a city (average age 61.4 years). The pre-retirement labor content was divided into physical strength, brain power, and brain mixture. Group) to carry out life ability index, physical function, mental function and nutritional status test. The results showed that the Kaup index, which reflects the nutritional status, surpassed the upper limit of normal medical value, being overweight and more prominent in the abdomen and thigh. There was no significant difference in the male analysis index between different age groups (P>0.05), and there was no obvious change rule; but the type of labor before retirement had a greater impact on the health status of the elderly in the later years, and the living ability index (LCI) Three indicators (short-term memory, decoding, and wording) of physical exertion index (PHI) and mental function were significantly different among the three types of retired workers (P<0.05). The brain and mixed retired workers group is higher than the physical retired employees group; the PHI indicators used to evaluate physical function are more stable and convenient than the measured values of the six indicators that are inclusive. It is suggested that in the future research on the health status of the elderly, there is a potential value in the use of the LCI, PHI, 3 indicators of brain function, Kaup index and sebum thickness.