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目的:观察血糖波动对糖尿病大鼠胰岛素释放和胰岛素敏感性的影响。方法:GK大鼠22只,随机分为糖尿病高血糖组、糖尿病血糖波动组,Wistar大鼠11只作为正常对照组,进行葡萄糖耐量实验(IPGTT)及在体胰岛分离后体外葡萄糖刺激下胰岛素释放实验(GSIS),并检测胰岛素相关基因的表达,以了解β细胞的胰岛素释放功能,进行胰岛素耐量试验以检测胰岛素敏感性的情况。结果:实验6周后血糖波动组和持续高血糖组体重无统计学差异。血糖波动组空腹血糖,糖负荷后15、30、60、120min血糖,糖曲线下面积(AUCG)均高于持续高血糖组(P均<0.05)。在体胰岛分离后体外葡萄糖刺激下胰岛素释放指数明显低于持续高血糖组(P均<0.05)。血糖波动组胰岛素基因ins-1、ins-2和pdx-1表达及胰岛素敏感性较持续高血糖组显著降低(P均<0.05)。结论:血糖波动使GK大鼠胰岛素释放功能降低并且胰岛素相关基因表达减少可能是胰岛素释放减少的原因之一,血糖波动使胰岛素敏感性降低。
Objective: To observe the effects of blood glucose fluctuation on insulin release and insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-two GK rats were randomly divided into diabetic hyperglycemia group, diabetic hyperglycemia group and Wistar rats as control group. The rats were subjected to glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and insulin release in vitro after glucose isolation (GSIS), and detecting the expression of insulin-related genes to understand the insulin releasing function of the beta cells and conducting insulin tolerance tests to detect insulin sensitivity. Results: There was no significant difference in body weight between hyperglycemia and blood glucose fluctuation after 6 weeks of experiment. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and the area under the curve of glucose (AUCG) at 15, 30, 60, 120min after glucose load were higher than those in patients with persistent hyperglycemia (all P <0.05). Insulin release index in vitro stimulated by glucose was significantly lower than that in persistent hyperglycemia group (P <0.05). Insulin gene ins-1, ins-2 and pdx-1 expression and insulin sensitivity were significantly lower than those in persistent hyperglycemia group (all P <0.05). Conclusion: The fluctuation of blood glucose can decrease the insulin releasing function and decrease the expression of insulin related gene in GK rats, which may be one of the reasons of the decrease of insulin release. The fluctuation of blood glucose makes the insulin sensitivity lower.