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转基因技术的发展及其推广给现代农业、医学和生物经济等领域带来了深刻的变化,然而,自从转基因技术问世以来,关于转基因作物和食品的安全性问题,一直是备受关注和极具有争议性的话题。本文从后常规科学的视角分析了转基因技术的发展和争论,认为有关转基因技术的争论实质上是两种不同科学观念的碰撞,是在常规科学框架下看待具有后常规科学特征的转基因技术的必然结果,并且认为后常规科学中的“扩大的同行共同体”和“延伸的事实”等概念为科学共同体传播具有不确定性的科技知识提供了新的视角,为公众参与科学讨论提供了理论依据,进而对促进科学家与公众的交流,推进科学决策的民主化进程具有积极的作用。
The development and promotion of genetically modified technologies have brought profound changes in modern agriculture, medicine and bioeconomy. However, since the advent of genetically modified technology, the safety of genetically modified crops and foods has been a subject of great concern and extreme Controversial topic. This paper analyzes the development and controversy of transgenic technology from the perspective of post-conventional science. It argues that the controversy over genetically modified technology is essentially the collision of two different scientific concepts and the inevitable result of looking at the transgenic technology with post-conventional scientific features under the framework of conventional science As a result, the concepts of “extended peer community” and “extended facts” in the post-conventional science have been suggested to provide a new perspective for the scientific community to spread scientific and technological knowledge with uncertainties and to provide public participation in scientific discussions The theoretical basis, and thus promote the exchange of scientists and the public to promote the democratization process of scientific decision-making has a positive effect.