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绵延盘垣的安第斯山脉从北向南纵贯于整个南美太平洋沿岸。它的北部高原地区孕育着美洲印第安人的又一个古代文化中心——安第斯文明。安第斯文明是以令秘鲁境内的库斯科盆地和秘鲁玻利维亚交界的的的喀喀湖为中心、包括今秘鲁大部,玻利维亚、厄瓜多尔、阿根廷和智利部份地区在内的南美印第安人古文明。它尤其以后期的印加文化(公元13—15世纪)而闻名于世。南美印第安人是从哪里来的呢?综合人类学,考古学、地质学的研究成果,我们已能大致回答这个问题。大约在四万年前,由于威斯康星冰川后退的作用,海水下降,使亚洲东北角与美洲阿拉斯加之间的白令海峡露出了海底,形成了一条“陆桥”,为亚洲蒙古利亚人种进入美洲开辟了通道。从此,
The Andes, which stretches across the plateau, runs north-south across the Pacific coast of South America. Its northern plateau breeds Andean civilization, another ancient cultural center of American Indians. The Andean civilization is centered on Lake Titicaca at the junction of the Cusco Basin in Peru and Bolivia in Peru, and includes the ancient civilizations of South American Indians, including most of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Argentina and parts of Chile. It is famous especially for the post-Inca culture (13th-15th century AD). Where did the South American Indians come from? With the combined results of anthropological, archaeological and geologic studies, we have been able to answer this question broadly. About 40,000 years ago, due to the retreat of the Wisconsin Glacier, seawater dropped to expose the Bering Strait between the northeast corner of Asia and Alaska, the Americas, forming a “land bridge” for the entry of Asian Mongolians into the Americas Opened up the channel Since then,