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本文分析了国际力量在中国能源产业市场化改革历程中的角色变迁。文章指出,在中国能源产业市场化改革过程中,以国际制度和国际能源市场权力结构为代表的国际力量,在1978—1992年间发挥了类似对比“实验室”的功能;在1993—2002年间很大程度上成为国内决策者手中倒逼能源国企改革的角色;在2003—2012年间,开始更多地被看做是“威胁国家能源安全”的角色。而国际力量角色的这种变迁,在很大程度上影响到了中国政府推进能源产业市场化改革的意愿与能力。
This article analyzes the changes in the role of international forces in the process of market-oriented energy industry reform in China. The article points out that during the process of the market-oriented reform of China’s energy industry, the international forces represented by the international system and the structure of power structure in the international energy market played a similar role in “laboratory” between 1978 and 1992. In 1993-2002, In the intervening years, the reform of state-owned energy enterprises in China has become largely the role of policymakers in China. From 2003 to 2012, the reform began to be more regarded as a threat to the national energy security. However, this change in the role of international forces has greatly affected the Chinese government’s willingness and ability to promote the marketization reform of the energy industry.