我们伟大的祖国有悠久的历史,有丰富多釆的文化典籍。但是,自十九世纪中叶起,从封建社会逐渐沦为半封建半殖民地社会以来,这些珍贵的文化遗产却遭受到帝国主义侵略者们的野蛮摧残和肆意掠夺,整个中国近代档案史中充满了这些惨痛事迹的写照。早在一八四○年鸦片战争中,英国侵略军强占我国浙江定海时,就曾将该县署珍藏多年的档案文件全部‘烧成灰爐’(注一)。在美英法侵略者帮助满清镇压太平天国革命运动的时候,除屠杀人民和破坏我国的财富以外,还曾盗窃过太平天国的档案文件和印行的官书。这些宝贵的革命文献,直到现在还散存在美英法等帝国主义国家的博物院和图书馆里。一九○○年八国联军入侵时,除在京津一带大肆屠杀焚掠外,还捣毁了许多满清中央机关。当然,保存在这些机关中的档案文 Our great motherland has a long history and a rich and varied cultural classics. However, since the mid-nineteenth century, the feudal and semi-colonial society has gradually become a semi-feudal society. These precious cultural heritages have been brutally devastated and wantonly plundered by imperialist aggressors. The history of modern Chinese archives is full of these Painful deeds portrayal. As early as the Opium War in 1840, when the British Forces occupied China’s Dinghai city of Zhejiang Province, it had “burned it into a gray furnace” for many years. While the United States and Britain were invaders helped the Manchu repression of the Taiping Revolutionary Movement, in addition to massacring people and sabotaging the wealth of our country, they also had stolen archives of the Taiping and the official printed books. These valuable revolutionary documents are still scattered in the museums and libraries of the imperialist countries such as the United States, Britain and France. When the Eight-Power Allied Forces invaded in 1900, in addition to massacreing and burning in the vicinity of Beijing and Tianjin, many Central authorities of Manchu were also destroyed. Of course, the files kept in these offices