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目的考察胡芦巴多糖及其酶解产物低聚糖的调血脂活性,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法体外测定胡芦巴多糖、低聚糖与胆固醇胶束结合的活性;高脂饮食制备高血脂大鼠模型,造模动物分别喂饲拌有胡芦巴多糖或低聚糖(质量分数2.5%)的高脂饲料,给药8周后收集各组大鼠粪便1周,给药9周后取各组大鼠血清和肝脏,检测血清中血脂各项指标及肝功能指标,检测血清中抗氧化活性相关指标,HE染色观察肝组织病理变化,检测粪便中胆固醇及胆汁酸(TBA)的排泄量。结果胡芦巴多糖及低聚糖体外均表现出一定的胆固醇胶束结合活性;胡芦巴多糖及低聚糖均可降低高血脂大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,同时升高血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平;胡芦巴多糖及低聚糖对高血脂大鼠肝脏脂肪变性有改善作用;同时能提高高血脂大鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,促进TBA排泄。结论胡芦巴多糖及低聚糖均具有明确的调血脂活性,其机制与抗氧化和调节胆固醇-TBA动态平衡有关,调血脂活性酶解产物低聚糖作用较优。
Objective To investigate the lipid-lowering activity of fenugreek seeds polysaccharide and its hydrolyzate oligosaccharides, and to explore its mechanism. Methods The inhibitory activities of fenugreek polysaccharide, oligosaccharides and cholesterol micelles were determined in vitro. The hyperlipidemic rats were induced by high-fat diet. The model animals were fed with fenugreek polysaccharide or oligosaccharide (mass fraction 2.5% ). After 8 weeks of administration, the feces of each group were collected for 1 week. After 9 weeks of administration, the serum and liver of each group were taken, and the indexes of serum lipid and liver function were detected. Oxidation activity related indicators, HE staining observed pathological changes in liver tissue, fecal cholesterol and bile acid (TBA) excretion. Results Both fenugreek polysaccharide and oligosaccharide showed some cholesterol micellar binding activity in vitro. Both fenugreek polysaccharide and oligosaccharide could reduce the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, while increasing serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); fenugreek polysaccharides and oligosaccharides on hepatic steatosis in hyperlipidemic rats can improve; Increase serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hyperlipidemic rats, and promote TBA excretion. Conclusion Both fenugreek polysaccharides and oligosaccharides have definite lipid-lowering activity. The mechanism is related to anti-oxidation and cholesterol-TBA homeostasis, and the activity of lipid-lowering lipase hydrolyzate oligosaccharides is better.