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随着高速切削的广泛应用和被加工材料成分的日益复杂化,把金属切削加工看作是典型冷加工的传统观念,已经不利于这方面研究工作的发展。文章认为,金属切削过程实质上是一种特殊形式的微区热加工过程,因此可以用研究热加工的一些方法去进行研究,而相图是重要的手段之一。文章以 Ni 和 Co 为研究对象,通过烧结试验、剂压试验和切削试验,证明以 Co(溶有少量WC)为粘结相的硬质合金,在同 Ni 接触时,在一定的温压条件下,Co 会迅速扩散到 Ni 中去,在用其切削时就表现为刀具的迅速磨损。由于纯 Ni 的硬度很低,显微组织中又没有硬质点相,所以造成刀具磨损的原因,主要是物理磨损。文章中还用化学稳定性极好、不易同 Ni 发生作用的 FD 复合立方氮化硼刀具进行了对比,结果证明其耐用度是硬质合金刀具的千倍以上。文章的试验结果还表明,凡是以 Ni 为基体的工程材料,在使用硬质合金刀具进行切削加工时都不会有满意的效果。
With the wide application of high-speed cutting and the increasingly complicated material composition to be processed, the metal cutting is regarded as the traditional concept of typical cold working, which has been detrimental to the development of research in this field. The article thinks that the metal cutting process is essentially a special form of micro-area thermal processing, so we can use some methods to study the thermal processing to study, and the phase diagram is one of the important means. The article take Ni and Co as the research object, through the sintering test, the pressure test and the cutting test, it is proved that the cemented carbide with Co (dissolved in a small amount of WC) as the binder phase, at the same temperature and pressure conditions Under the Co will rapidly spread to Ni in the use of its cutting performance of the tool for rapid wear and tear. Due to the low hardness of pure Ni, microstructure and no hard phase, so the cause of tool wear, mainly physical wear and tear. The article also with excellent chemical stability, not easy with the role of Ni FD composite cubic boron nitride tool was compared, the results prove that its durability is a thousand times more than carbide cutting tools. The experimental results of the article also show that all Ni-based engineering materials do not have satisfactory results when using carbide cutting tools.