采用水蒸气蒸馏法从孜然芹中提取挥发性成分,并用气相色谱 质谱法(GC MS)联机分析,共分离出60余峰,鉴定出了49种物质,用面积归一法确定了相对含量。在所分离出的化合物中,碳氢化合物16种,烃类含氧衍生物32种。主要成分为枯茗醛和藏花醛,它们分别占测得组分的32 26%和26 49%。另有9种含量在1%以上的物质,主要是萜类中的单萜、倍半萜和芳香族醛、酮醚类物质。低含量组分主要为萜烯类的醇、醛、酮、酯和部分芳香族化合物。在气相色谱分析中,选择了合适的色谱条件,采用中等极性的DB 210柱,对孜然芹挥发油中的中等极性和非极性成分有较好的分离效果。 Volatile constituents were extracted from cumin by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). More than 60 peaks were isolated and 49 substances were identified. The relative contents were determined by area normalization . Among the compounds isolated, 16 were hydrocarbons and 32 were oxygen-containing derivatives of hydrocarbons. The main components were cumyl aldehyde and saffron aldehyde, which accounted for 32.26% and 26.49% of the measured components, respectively. Another 9 kinds of content of more than 1% of the material, mainly terpenes monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and aromatic aldehydes, ketone ethers substances. Low content of the main components of terpenes alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters and some aromatic compounds. In gas chromatographic analysis, the suitable chromatographic conditions were selected, and the medium polarity DB 210 column was used to separate the moderately polar and nonpolar components of the cumin oil.