“上/下+宾语”在意义与形式上存在着不对称现象。本文以形式和意义两项维度对“上/下+宾语”的不对称性进行了分类考察,并由此总结、归纳了“上/下”的语义特征。借鉴认知语言学的研究成果,从意象图式、形式语义、认知功能等方面对动词“上/下”带宾语的不对称性现象进行了解释。 “Up / Down + object ” There is an asymmetry between meaning and form. This paper classifies the asymmetry of “up / down + object ” in terms of form and meaning, and summarizes and summarizes the semantic features of “up / down ”. Drawing on the research results of cognitive linguistics, this paper explains the asymmetry phenomenon of the verb “Shang / Xia ” with the object from the aspects of image schema, formal semantics and cognitive function.