国家的权力与意志向民间社会的渗透是当前“国家建构”过程当中需要探讨的“时代主体”,对其的学术研究也比较多见,该层面的研究用现今比较时髦的人类学术语来讲就是“底边社会”中的“国家在场”。这个问题的学术和应用意义是显而易见的。笔者在此以自己出生成长地为例,欲从单位制的层面探讨新中国成立以来国家的政治、权力体系(尤其是科层制)如何对维吾尔族的社会结构产生影响。 The state power and the will to infiltrate into civil society are the “main bodies of the times” that need to be explored in the process of “state building”, and there are more academic researches on it. The research on this level is based on the more fashionable anthropological terms today Is the “bottom line society” in the “presence of the state.” The academic and application implications of this question are obvious. Here I take my own place of birth and growth as an example. I want to explore from the unit system level since the founding of New China, the country’s political and power system (especially bureaucracy) how to influence the social structure of the Uighur.