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本文通过对459例小儿哮喘的调查分析,发现近年来北京城市儿童哮喘发病有以下特点:6岁以内发病占75.5％,其中1至3岁是发病高峰,占49.5％;71.7％哮喘患儿发病与季节有关,冬季和换季时为好发季节,发病率分别为30.9％(124/459)和22.4％(103/459);上呼吸道感染是最常见的诱因(79.7％),劳累次之(34.6％):74.1％患儿有过敏病史,以湿疹(45.8％)和过敏性鼻炎(44.9％)多见;42.5％有一或二级家族哮喘史,20.7％有一级或二级亲属过敏史(不包括哮喘史)。这些结果为我市小儿哮喘的综合防治提供了参考依据。
Based on the investigation and analysis of 459 cases of pediatric asthma, we found that the incidence of asthma in urban children in Beijing in recent years has the following characteristics: 75.5% of children aged less than 6 years, of which 1 to 3 years old is the peak, accounting for 49.5%; 71.7% of children with asthma The incidence was 30.9% (124/459) and 22.4% (103/459) respectively in the winter and seasonal seasons. The upper respiratory tract infection was the most common cause (79.7%), followed by the exertion of fatigue 34.6%): 74.1% of children had allergic history, with eczema (45.8%) and allergic rhinitis (44.9%) more common; 42.5% had one or two family history of asthma and 20.7% had first or second degree relatives history of allergy Does not include asthma history). These results provide a reference for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of pediatric asthma in our city.