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目的了解2012-2016年无锡市5岁以下儿童死亡死因构成和死亡率变化趋势,为制定有效干预措施提供依据。方法选取2011年10月-2016年9月无锡市出生的活产儿和死亡的5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2012-2016年无锡市5岁以下儿童死亡率、婴儿死亡率、新生儿死亡率整体呈下降趋势,男童死亡率高于女童,流动户籍儿童死亡率高于本地户籍儿童;新生儿疾病、意外伤害和先天异常是5岁以下儿童最主要的死因类别,占儿童死亡的近80%;前5位死因主要是早产和低出生体质量、先天性心脏病、出生窒息、肺炎、溺水,其中早产和低出生体质量始终位于死因顺位的第1或第2位。结论加强流动儿童健康管理,提高围生保健质量和新生儿救治能力,加强出生缺陷的三级预防,减少意外伤害发生是降低无锡市5岁以下儿童死亡率的重要措施。
Objective To understand the trend of the death causes and death rate of deaths among children under 5 years old in Wuxi from 2012 to 2016 and provide the basis for effective interventions. Methods The death monitoring data of live births and deaths of children under 5 years old in Wuxi from October 2011 to September 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 2012-2016, the under-five mortality rate, infant mortality rate and neonatal mortality rate in Wuxi City were on an overall downward trend. The death rate of boys was higher than that of girls and the death rate of migrant children was higher than that of local registered children. Neonatal diseases, Accidental injuries and congenital anomalies are the leading cause of death among children under 5, accounting for nearly 80% of all child deaths; the top 5 causes of death are mainly premature birth and low birth weight, congenital heart disease, birth asphyxia, pneumonia, drowning Premature birth and low birth weight always ranked No. 1 or No. 2 in the cause of death. Conclusion It is an important measure to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age in Wuxi by strengthening the management of migrant children’s health, improving the quality of perinatal care and neonatal treatment, strengthening the tertiary prevention of birth defects and reducing the occurrence of accidental injuries.