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铝电解工业已有百余年的历史,以惰性阳极为代表的新工艺是铝电解研究的热点问题。惰性阳极主要分为陶瓷阳极、金属陶瓷阳极和金属阳极3类,本文分析了3种惰性阳极的特点,并重点评述金属阳极的研究近况。钾冰晶石电解质体系作为一种铝电解新型低温电解质体系,具有操作温度低、Al2O3溶解性能好等优势。指出在钾冰晶石低温体系中应用金属阳极将成为今后铝电解很有希望的一种新工艺。
Aluminum electrolysis industry has a history of more than one hundred years, and the new technology represented by inert anode is a hot issue in the research of aluminum electrolysis. Inert anodes are mainly divided into three categories: ceramic anodes, cermet anodes and metal anodes. In this paper, the characteristics of three kinds of inert anodes are analyzed, and the recent research on metal anodes is reviewed. Potassium cryolite electrolyte system as a new type of aluminum electrolysis low temperature electrolyte system, with low operating temperature, good solubility of Al2O3 and other advantages. It is pointed out that the application of metal anodes in the cryogenic system of potassium cryolite will be a promising new technology for aluminum electrolysis in the future.