轮对是车辆最重要的部件之一,它的工作可靠性在很大程度上决定列车的运行安全性。增加轴重,广泛采用制动时增加车轮热影响的合成闸瓦,采用可提高线路刚度的钢筋混凝土轨枕,所有这一切都使轮对的使用条件更加复杂,致使轮对经常发生故障,特别是增加了车轮踏面的各种缺陷。因此,全苏铁路运输科学研究院对车轮出现裂纹和断裂是最危险的故障原因的分析和据此所制定 The wheelset is one of the most important components of a vehicle. The reliability of its operation largely determines the operational safety of the train. Increased axle loads, extensive use of synthetic brake shoes with increased wheel thermal effects during braking, and reinforced concrete sleepers that increase line rigidity all complicate the use of wheelsets, causing frequent wheelset failures, particularly Increased the wheel of the various defects. Therefore, the All-Russia Railway Transportation Research Institute of the wheel cracks and cracks are the most dangerous cause of the failure analysis and accordingly formulated