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目的探讨不同性别、健康状况和居住情况的老年人的焦虑、抑郁和生活满意度的情况及相互之间的关系。方法采用焦虑自评量表、老年抑郁量表和生活满意度量表,对绍兴市795名老年人进行测查,比较不同性别、健康状况和居住情况之间老年人焦虑、抑郁和生活满意度的差异,及三者之间的关系。结果女性的抑郁程度明显高于男性(P<0.05)。健康老年人其焦虑、抑郁水平明显低于患病老人,而其生活满意度则高于患病老人(P<0.01)。独居老人,其焦虑、抑郁程度要明显高于在养老院和与家人同住的老人,而生活满意度则较两者较低(P<0.05);和家人同住的老人,其焦虑、抑郁程度明显低于独居老人(P<0.05)。老年人焦虑和抑郁呈正相关(P<0.01);生活满意度与焦虑、抑郁均呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论老年人焦虑、抑郁水平与生活满意度密切相关,焦虑、抑郁水平、健康状况和居住情况是重要影响因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between anxiety, depression and life satisfaction of the elderly with different gender, health and living conditions. Methods The self-rating anxiety scale, the elderly depression scale and the life satisfaction scale were used to test 795 elderly people in Shaoxing City to compare the anxiety, depression and life satisfaction of the elderly with different gender, health status and living conditions Differences, and the relationship between the three. Results The degree of depression in women was significantly higher than that in men (P <0.05). The levels of anxiety and depression in healthy elderly were significantly lower than those in the elderly but their life satisfaction was higher than that in the elderly (P <0.01). The elderly living alone had significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression than the elderly living in nursing homes and their family members, while their life satisfaction was lower (P <0.05). The anxiety and depression of the elderly living with their families Significantly lower than the elderly living alone (P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between anxiety and depression in the elderly (P <0.01). Life satisfaction was negatively correlated with anxiety and depression (P <0.01). Conclusions Anxiety and depression in the elderly are closely related to life satisfaction. Anxiety, depression, health status and living conditions are important influencing factors.