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在公路绿化定位时,通常把防止水土流失、防风固沙,美化环境等作为主要目标,而很少顾及保护生物多样性和提高生态环境的综合质量,更谈不上考虑综合效益。在技术方面,当前公路绿化大多借用园林绿化模式,存在三大问题。首先,大量使用外来物种,人为创造了外来物种入侵的条件,对整个生态环境构成严重的安全隐患。其次,绿化物种单一,草坪比例大,绿化带内物种之间的食物链关系简单,相互制约作用较弱,易于遭受病虫害的侵袭。此外,绿化带环境适应能力差,需要人工辅助管理,施肥、浇水、防虫、防病等投入高,起不到有效保护生态环境的作用。
In the orientation of highway afforestation, the main goal of soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand fixation, landscaping and so on is usually taken as the main goal, with little consideration for the comprehensive quality of protecting biological diversity and ecological environment, not to mention the comprehensive benefits. In technology, most of the current highway greening borrowed landscaping mode, there are three major problems. First of all, extensive use of alien species, artificially created the conditions for the invasion of alien species, constitute a serious security risk to the entire ecological environment. Second, there is a large proportion of greening species and large proportion of lawn. The food chain between species in the greening belt is simple and has a weak mutual restraint effect and is easily attacked by pests and diseases. In addition, the adaptability of green belt environment is poor, requiring artificial auxiliary management, fertilization, watering, pest control, disease prevention and other inputs, fail to effectively protect the ecological environment.