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随着城市建设的快速发展,老城区改造已成为城市发展的重点工程之一。福州市近十几年来对原有旧城区中的棚屋区进行了大规模的改造,改善原有的居住条件。利用遥感技术重点研究和评价了福州市苍霞片区棚屋区改造前后的热环境变化,利用系列Landsat TM影像反演了该区1986年1、996年和2006年的地表温度、不透水面和植被等信息,计算了城市热岛比例指数(URI),并对该区改造前后热岛效应的时空变化进行了全面分析,探讨了其产生的主要原因。研究表明,不透水面与地表温度呈指数相关关系,高不透水面比例地区温度上升比低不透水面比例地区更快。总的看来,福州市苍霞片区通过棚屋区改造,热岛效应有了明显的缓解,在这20 a间,城市热岛比例指数从0.648下降到0.245。福州市苍霞棚屋区的重新规划和改造对缓解该片区的城市热岛效应起到了积极的作用。
With the rapid development of urban construction, the transformation of old urban areas has become one of the key projects of urban development. In the recent ten years, Fuzhou City has carried out a large-scale renovation of the shantytown area in the existing old town to improve the existing living conditions. Using remote sensing technology, the change of thermal environment before and after transformation of the shantytown of Cangxia in Fuzhou was studied and evaluated. Landsat TM images of the area were used to retrieve the surface temperature, impervious surface and surface water in 1986, 1996 and 2006 Vegetation and other information, calculated the city heat island proportion index (URI), and made a comprehensive analysis of the spatial and temporal changes of the heat island effect before and after the reformation of the district, and discussed the main reasons for its occurrence. Research shows that the impervious surface is exponentially related to the surface temperature, and that the area with a high proportion of impervious surfaces rises more rapidly than the area with a low proportion of impervious surfaces. In general, the Cangxia area in Fuzhou passed the reconstruction of the shantytowns and the heat island effect has been significantly alleviated. In this 20-year period, the proportion of the urban heat island decreased from 0.648 to 0.245. The re-planning and rebuilding of the Cangxia shanty town in Fuzhou has played a positive role in alleviating the urban heat island effect in the area.