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交通系统特殊职业群体中,远航海员的心理应激和心理卫生问题值得探讨。有人发现海员中消化性溃疡发病较高,肿瘤、冠心病及意外死亡是海员致死的主因,比一般居民要多,尤其是自杀身亡者竟占意外死亡病例的1/3以上。这是为什么?众所周知,心理应激是心身疾患的重要原因,自杀更是心理应激的可能体现。那么什么是海员致病、致死的应激源?这很可能与海员长期生活、工作的环境有关,因为生活事件和工作应激可导致心身疾病。
Among the special occupational groups in transportation system, the problems of psychological stress and mental health of voyage sailors are worth discussing. Some people have found that the incidence of peptic ulcer in seafarers is higher. Tumor, coronary heart disease and accidental death are the main causes of seafarers’ death, which is more than that of ordinary residents. In particular, those who commit suicide actually account for more than one third of unplanned deaths. This is why? As we all know, mental stress is an important cause of mental illness, suicide is a psychological manifestation of psychological stress. So what is the seafarer’s cause of illness and death? It is likely to be related to the seafarer’s long-term living and working environment because life events and work stress can lead to psychosomatic diseases.