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猪圆环病毒(PCV)是迄今为止发现的一种最小的脊椎动物病毒,可引起断奶仔猪进行性消瘦、淋巴组织等组织病变的一种多系统衰竭综合征的重要传染病,临床上主要与断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)、猪皮炎肾病综合征(PDNS)、仔猪先天性震颤(CT)、坏死性间质性肺炎(PNP)及母猪繁殖障碍等疾病有关。根据病毒致病性的差异,以及核苷酸序列和抗原性的不同,将猪圆环病毒分成无致病性的猪圆环病毒1型(PCV1)和具有致病性的猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)。本文从病原学诊断、血清学诊断和分子生物学诊断等方面综述了当前国内外PCV2常用的实验室诊断方法的研究进展,可为临床上猪圆环病毒病的确诊提供参考。
Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a kind of minimal vertebrate virus that has been found so far. It can cause the progressive infectious wasting, lymphoid tissue and other tissue diseases in weanling piglets, an important infectious disease of multiple system failure syndrome. Clinically, Weanling piglets have multiple systems failure syndrome (PMWS), porcine dermatitis and nephrotic syndrome (PDNS), piglet congenital tremor (CT), necrotizing interstitial pneumonia (PNP) and sow reproductive disorders and other diseases. According to the difference of virus pathogenicity and the difference of nucleotide sequence and antigenicity, the porcine circovirus is divided into non-pathogenic porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) and pathogenic porcine circovirus 2 Type (PCV2). This review summarizes the current research progress of PCV2 commonly used in laboratory diagnosis from the aspects of etiological diagnosis, serological diagnosis and molecular biology diagnosis, which can provide a reference for the diagnosis of porcine circovirus disease in clinic.