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目的:调查女大学生的月经状况并分析其影响因素,对月经不规则女大学生早期发现青春期多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)并给予健康指导。方法:对苏州卫生技术学院1 012名大一女生进行问卷调查,了解其月经情况并对月经影响因素进行分析,对月经不规则的进行青春期PCOS筛查。结果:回收有效问卷1 006份。初潮年龄的中位数14岁,市区与农村女生月经初潮年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。月经不规则的发生率为20.78%,月经失调者的发生率为80.1%。痛经发生与经期未注意保暖有关,痛经者更易出现经前紧张综合征,经常食用辛辣食物者月经失调的危险增大。月经不规则女生中青春期PCOS的患病率为5.74%。结论:应加强对女大学生的月经保健教育,对月经不规则的女大学生进行青春期PCOS筛查及健康教育有重要意义。
Objective: To investigate the menstrual status of female college students and analyze its influential factors, and to give early diagnosis of PCOS in irregular menstruating female college students. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 012 freshmen in Suzhou Institute of Health Technology to understand their menstruation and to analyze the influencing factors of menstruation to screen PCOS for adolescent irregular menstruation. Results: 1 006 valid questionnaires were recovered. The median age at menarche was 14 years, and there was significant difference in the age of menarche between urban and rural girls (P <0.05). The incidence of irregular menstruation was 20.78%, and the incidence of menstrual disorders was 80.1%. Dysmenorrhea and menstrual period did not pay attention to keep warm, dysmenorrhea are more prone to premenstrual tension syndrome, regular consumption of spicy foods increased the risk of menstrual disorders. The prevalence of PCOS in adolescent girls with irregular menstruation was 5.74%. Conclusion: Menstruation health education should be strengthened for female college students, and it is of great significance to conduct adolescent PCOS screening and health education for irregular college students.