元代燕南芝庵先生的《唱论》是我国现存的第一部声乐专著。本文首先分析中国古代声乐发展史,揭示元代之前不可能产生声乐专著的原因。其次,本文研究宋元声乐发展的状况,证明《唱论》的出现是‘宋词’‘元曲’等声乐艺术高度发达的基础上的时代产物,而元代文人广泛深入民间音乐创作和演出,也起了关键作用。 The “Singing Theory” by Yan Nanzhi Yuan in the Yuan Dynasty is the first vocal monograph in our country. This article first analyzes the history of the development of vocal music in ancient China and reveals the reasons why it is impossible to produce vocal monographs before the Yuan Dynasty. Secondly, this paper studies the development of the vocal music in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and proves that the appearance of “Singing Theory” is the product of the times based on the highly developed vocal music such as “Song Ci” and “Yuan Qu”, while the literati in Yuan Dynasty extensively explored and performed folk music, Also played a key role.