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人工梭梭是干旱区荒漠绿洲过渡带典型的防风固沙植被,其土壤养分水平影响着人工绿洲生态系统的稳定性和可持续性。以黑河中游荒漠绿洲不同林龄人工梭梭为研究对象,野外调查取样和室内测试分析结合,分析人工梭梭土壤养分特征。结果表明:1)人工梭梭根部、冠幅边缘、株间空地之间土壤养分存在显著差异,总体表现为根部>冠幅边缘>株间空地,即人工梭梭土壤“肥岛”效应明显;2)不同林龄人工梭梭之间土壤养分含量及其富集率存在显著差异,大致表现为30年梭梭>20年梭梭>10年梭梭>5年梭梭,且不同林龄人工梭梭土壤养分富集率与梭梭植株形态特征具有较显著相关性,即人工梭梭土壤“肥岛”效应与其生长发展间存在正反馈机制。因此,加强荒漠绿洲区人工梭梭的建植和管护,发挥其对土壤养分的改良作用,提高其对干旱区土地荒漠化防治的能力,是荒漠绿洲区生态屏障建设的一项长期任务。
Artificial Haloxylon ammodendron is a typical windbreak and sand-fixation vegetation in the desert oasis transitional zone of arid area. Its soil nutrient level affects the stability and sustainability of the artificial oasis ecosystem. Taking the different ages of Haloxylon ammodendron in the desert oasis in the middle reaches of the Heihe River as the research object, field investigation sampling and indoor test analysis were combined to analyze the characteristics of soil nutrient of Haloxylon ammodendron. The results showed that: 1) there was a significant difference in soil nutrients between the roots of Haloxylon ammodendron, the edge of the crown, and the open space between the plants. Obviously; 2) There were significant differences in soil nutrient contents and enrichment rates between different ages of Haloxylon ammodendron, which were generally represented by 30 years of Haloxylonamm> 20 years of Haloxylonamm> 10 years of Haloxylonammoderma> 5 years of Haloxylon ammodendron, and different forests There was a significant correlation between soil nutrient enrichment rate and the morphological characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron plantations, that is, there was a positive feedback mechanism between the soil and the effect of “fat island” and the growth and development of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron. Therefore, to strengthen the construction and management of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron in desert oasis area, to play its role in improving soil nutrients and improving its capability of desertification control in arid areas is a long-term task of ecological barrier construction in desert oasis area.