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目的 了解南宁地区疑似脑膜炎患儿抗生素的使用情况 ,以求规范、合理使用抗生素。 方法 使用统一的调查表格收集符合筛选标准的疑似脑膜炎患儿的相关资料 ,并进行流行病学统计、分析。 结果 共评估了 12 72例脑膜炎疑似患儿 ,使用的抗生素以青霉素类 ( 75 0 0 % )和头孢菌素类 ( 64 2 3 % )为主 ;排前五位的是 :青霉素( 3 9 15 % )、头孢噻肟 ( 3 6 16% )、氨苄西林 ( 10 3 8% )、头孢拉定 ( 7 70 % )和头孢唑啉 ( 7 2 3 % )。 5 0 %以上的病例在就诊期间使用了 2种或 2种以上的抗生素 ,3 4 98%的病人在就诊前已使用了抗生素 ,注射途径给药的抗生素占 71 18% ;就诊期间注射给药的抗生素占 98 2 7%。年长儿青霉素使用率 ( 4 4 88% )较年龄较小的婴幼儿 ( 3 6 95 % )高 ,而新生儿较1个月以上的幼儿的头孢塞肟、氨苄西林、阿莫西林 -舒巴坦和头孢曲松的使用率高。脑脊液生化、常规异常和 /或血白细胞升高组抗生素使用率 ( 92 5 2 5 )较正常组 ( 83 165 )高。 结论 本调查中疑似脑膜炎患儿的抗生素治疗往往以引起该病的主要病原菌为依据 ,以经验用药为主 ,建议对类似病人应尽可能做病原学检查以指导治疗 ;抗生素的使用应进一步规范化
Objective To understand the use of antibiotics in children with suspected meningitis in Nanning in order to standardize and rational use of antibiotics. Methods A uniform questionnaire was used to collect relevant data of children with suspected meningitis who met the screening criteria and to carry out epidemiological statistics and analysis. Results A total of 12 72 suspected cases of meningitis were evaluated. The antibiotics used were penicillins (75 0 0%) and cephalosporins (64 2 3%). The top 5 were penicillin (39 15%), cefotaxime (36%), ampicillin (103%), cefradine (770%) and cefazolin (72.3%). More than 50% of the patients used two or more antibiotics during the visit, and 3498% of the patients used antibiotics before the visit and 71.18% of the antibiotics administered by the injection route. Injecting The antibiotics accounted for 98 2 7%. Elderly penicillin use rates (44 48%) were higher than those of younger infants (36 95%), whereas those of newborns older than 1 month were higher than those of cephalosporin, ampicillin, amoxicillin- Bartan and ceftriaxone are highly used. Antibiotic use of cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry, routine abnormalities and / or leukocytosis (92,525) was higher than in the normal group (83,165). Conclusions The antibiotics treatment in children with suspected meningitis in this survey are often based on the main pathogens that cause the disease and based on empirical medication. It is suggested that etiological examination should be conducted as far as possible for similar patients to guide treatment; the use of antibiotics should be further standardized