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以典型黑土耕地表层土壤为对象,通过对溅蚀量、水稳性团聚体组成、团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)以及团聚体富集率(ER)等指标的测定、计算与分析,研究了人工模拟降雨条件下典型黑土溅蚀过程中团聚体粒级分布及其分选特征。结果表明:溅蚀盘内不同收集区域(上坡、下坡)溅蚀量及净迁移量均与溅蚀距离呈显著指数递减关系,R2值达0.834 4~0.991 1;土壤团聚体富集率的变化幅度范围为0.00~1.79,溅蚀对团聚体产生富集作用与损耗作用的临界粒级为1.0 mm;溅蚀颗粒土壤水稳性团聚体组成上表现出在水平空间上随距离的增加,小粒级团聚体比例逐渐增加的趋势,2~5 mm粒级的团聚体只出现在上坡的0~5 cm和下坡的0~10 cm范围之内,1~2 mm粒级的团聚体在上坡的最大分布距离仅为28 cm;MWD变化幅度为0.32~0.80 mm,并随溅蚀距离的增加而减少,其中下坡10~17cm范围内的MWD分别与0~10 cm和17~40 cm范围内MWD的差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。研究结果为进一步系统研究黑土侵蚀发生规律与水土流失治理提供了参考。
Based on the typical surface soil of black soil cultivation, we calculated and analyzed the amount of splash erosion, the composition of water stable aggregates, the average weight diameter of aggregates (MWD) and the enrichment rate of aggregates (ER) Agglomerate Particle Size Distribution and Its Separation Characteristics in Typical Black Soil During Simulated Rainfall. The results show that both the splashes and the net migration of the different collection areas (uphill and downhill) in the sputter disk have a significant exponential decay relationship with the splash distance, and the R2 value reaches 0.834 4 ~ 0.991 1. The enrichment rate of soil aggregates The range of variation is from 0.00 to 1.79. The critical size of splash-erosion on the aggregates is 1.0 mm. The composition of soil water-stable aggregates of splash-erosion particles shows an increase in horizontal space with distance , The proportion of small-sized aggregates gradually increased. Aggregates of 2 ~ 5 mm size only appeared within the range of 0 ~ 5 cm on the uphill and 0 ~ 10 cm on the downhill. The agglomeration of 1-2 mm The maximum distribution distance of the body uphill was only 28 cm, and the MWD ranged from 0.32 to 0.80 mm, and decreased with the increase of splashing distance. The MWD within the range of 10 ~ 17 cm downhill was associated with 0 ~ 10 cm and 17 The difference of MWD in ~ 40 cm range reached significant level (P <0.05). The results provide a reference for further systematic study of the occurrence of erosion and control of soil erosion.