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利用带电单分散聚苯乙烯胶体粒子,通过自组装机理,制备了体积百分比为4·8%的具有多晶结构的胶体晶体,并用Kossel衍射技术和紫外可见分光光度计分别对晶体的生长过程进行了监测.通过对Kossel的图像分析检测不同阶段相应的晶格结构,发现胶体结晶过程晶体结构演变顺序为由液态—随机层结构—堆无序结构—面心立方孪晶结构到面心立方结构.定量地确定了结晶过程中晶体不同晶面的晶面间距和晶体的晶格常数,通过紫外可见分光光度计测量的晶体透射谱图,计算得到111晶面的晶面间距和晶体的晶格常数,与用Kossel衍射技术得到的结果相一致,还发现随样品放置时间的延长,衰减峰变窄和加深,并向短波方向移动,对应着晶体的晶格常数减小的现象.
The colloidal crystals with polycrystalline structure were prepared by the self-assembly mechanism using charged monodisperse polystyrene colloidal particles. The crystal growth was carried out by Kossel diffraction and UV-visible spectrophotometer respectively The crystal structure of colloidal crystallization was evolved from liquid-random layer structure-heap disorder-face-centered cubic twin structure to face-centered cubic structure The interplanar spacing and crystal lattice constants of different crystal planes in the process of crystallization were quantitatively determined, and the interplanar spacings of the 111 crystal planes and the lattice of the crystal were calculated by the transmission spectrum of the crystal measured by a UV-visible spectrophotometer Constant, consistent with Kossel diffraction results, also shows that as the sample is placed for extended periods of time, the attenuation peaks become narrower and deepened and move toward the shortwave, corresponding to a decrease in the lattice constant of the crystal.